tile 3) of dietary niacin intake.
The results of this study provide some evidence for maintaining the optimal dietary niacin intake levels for the primary prevention of hypertension.
The results of this study provide some evidence for maintaining the optimal dietary niacin intake levels for the primary prevention of hypertension.Although estrogen level is positively associated with bone mineral density, there are limited data on the risk of fractures after menopause.
To investigate whether female reproductive factors are associated with fractures among postmenopausal women.
This population-based retrospective cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service database on 1?272?115 postmenopausal women without previous fracture who underwent both cardiovascular and breast and/or cervical cancer screening from January 1 to December 31, 2009. Outcome data were obtained through December 31, 2018.
Information was obtained about reproductive factors (age at menarche, age at menopause, parity, breastfeeding, and exogenous hormone use) by self-administered questionnaire.
Incidence of any fractures and site-specific fractures (vertebral, hip, and others).
Among the 1?272?115 participants, mean (SD) age was 61.0 (8.1) years. Compared with earlier age at menarche (?12 years), later age at menarche (?17 years) wrisk of hip fracture (aHR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.76-0.93). Hormone therapy for 5 years or longer was associated with lower risk of any factures (aHR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.83-0.88), while use of oral contraceptives for 1 year or longer was associated with a higher risk of any fractures (aHR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.05).
The findings of this cohort study suggest that female reproductive factors are independent risk factors for fracture, with a higher risk associated with shorter lifetime endogenous estrogen exposure. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/EX-527.html Interventions to reduce fracture risk may be needed for women at high risk, including those without osteoporosis.
The findings of this cohort study suggest that female reproductive factors are independent risk factors for fracture, with a higher risk associated with shorter lifetime endogenous estrogen exposure. Interventions to reduce fracture risk may be needed for women at high risk, including those without osteoporosis.Behavioral disturbances are core features of frontotemporal dementia (FTD); however, symptom progression across the course of disease is not well characterized in genetic FTD.
To investigate behavioral symptom frequency and severity and their evolution and progression in different forms of genetic FTD.
This longitudinal cohort study, the international Genetic FTD Initiative (GENFI), was conducted from January 30, 2012, to May 31, 2019, at 23 multicenter specialist tertiary FTD research clinics in the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Spain, Portugal, Italy, Germany, Sweden, Finland, and Canada. Participants included a consecutive sample of 232 symptomatic FTD gene variation carriers comprising 115 with variations in C9orf72, 78 in GRN, and 39 in MAPT. A total of 101 carriers had at least 1 follow-up evaluation (for a total of 400 assessments). Gene variations were included only if considered pathogenetic.
Behavioral and neuropsychiatric symptoms were assessed across disease duration an differ between the common FTD gene variants and have different trajectories throughout the course of disease. These findings have crucial implications for counseling patients and caregivers and for the design of disease-modifying treatment trials in genetic FTD.
This cohort study suggests that behavioral and neuropsychiatric disturbances differ between the common FTD gene variants and have different trajectories throughout the course of disease. These findings have crucial implications for counseling patients and caregivers and for the design of disease-modifying treatment trials in genetic FTD.Although there have been signs of increasing interest in entrepreneurship among physicians as well as claims of a paucity of entrepreneurial activity in health care in general, there is little systematic evidence of the extent, type, and characteristics of entrepreneurship by physicians. Physician involvement in entrepreneurship may result in more innovative and financially successful health care companies.
To evaluate the proportion and characteristics of physicians who founded new businesses and the types of businesses that they started.
This cross-sectional study was conducted by matching all 33?770 physicians holding a Massachusetts medical license in 2017 with the Massachusetts new business registration records from 1960 to 2017 to identify companies founded by physicians. Data were analyzed from September 2017 to December 2019.
The number of physician-founded companies in Massachusetts and the types of businesses as characterized by the stated purpose at the time of founding.
Among the 33?770 (odds ratio [OR], 0.529; 95% CI, 0.494-0.567) and that there was an association between attending a top-10 medical school by National Institutes of Health research funding and starting a clinical practice (OR, 0.687; 95% CI, 0.616-0.766) or biotechnology company (OR, 4.326; 95% CI, 2.951-6.344).
The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that physicians may be substantially involved in entrepreneurship, although there may be disparities by sex. Facilitation of physician entrepreneurship by policy makers, educators, and institutions may enhance medical innovation and public health.
The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that physicians may be substantially involved in entrepreneurship, although there may be disparities by sex. Facilitation of physician entrepreneurship by policy makers, educators, and institutions may enhance medical innovation and public health.To review how patient-reported outcomes measures in mental health clinical research complement traditional clinician-rated outcomes measures.
Medline, Embase, PsycInfo and Scopus.
Latest update of the literature search was conducted in August 2019, using a specified set of search terms to identify controlled and uncontrolled studies (published since 1996) of pharmacological or non-pharmacological interventions in adults (?18 years) in hospital-based mental health care.
Two authors extracted data independently using a pre-designed extraction form.
Among the 2962 publications identified, 257 were assessed by full text reading. A total of 24 studies reported in 26 publications were included in this descriptive review. We identified subjective and objective outcome measures, classified these according to the pharmacopsychometric triangle and compared them qualitatively in terms of incremental information added to the clinical study question. The data reviewed here from primarily depression and schizophrenia intervention studies show that results from patient-reported outcome measures and clinician-rated outcome measures generally point in the same direction.